高中课程指导404：2023新高考 I 卷复盘，考前必看！

高考真题往往涵盖了课程标准中的重要知识点和高频考点。反复、多形式的练习可以很好地帮助学生巩固要点。真题复盘、一题多用、好题精练是高三复习和冲刺强化过程中必不可少的关键一环。

因此，我们精心编制高考真题复盘学案，借语法填空的形式，融合重点词汇识记（黑体单词要求准确、快速地说出其在语篇中的含义）和长难句翻译（【】之内的长难句要求分析句子结构并准确翻译），以吃透高考题为原则与命题专家之间开启无声的对话。

2023年新高考I卷复盘

A 篇 Bike Rental & Guided Tours

1. Cycling is the most ___________ (economy), ___________ (sustain) and fun way __________ (explore) the city — Amsterdam, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights.

2. With over 2,500 bikes ____________ (store) in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you.

3. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide __________ (vary), including basic bikes with foot brake, bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and ___________ (child) bikes.

4. The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge ... and much more.

5.The tour ___________ (depart) from Dam Square every hour on the hour, ____________ (start) at 1:00 pm every day.

B 篇 sewage / wastewater treatment

When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, ____________ (observe) how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after ____________ (flow) through plants and along rocks ____________ tiny creatures lived.

After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature ____________ asking questions. With the right ____________ (combine) of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way in ____________ nature did. He decided to build ____________ he would later call an eco-machine.

The task John set for himself was to remove ____________ (harm) substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks ____________ (connect) to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and ____________ (bring) back some plants and animals. Little ____________ little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and ____________ (form) their own ecosystem.

He ____________ (amaze) at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge ____________ food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all ____________ was left was pure water.

Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility ____________ treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed ____________ eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.

“Ecological design” is the name John gives to ____________ he does. “【Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the ____________ (invent)】,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe ____________ is happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways ___________ (self-repair).”

C 篇 Living a digital-minimalism life

The goal of this book is __________ (make) the case fordigital minimalism, including a detailed __________ (explore) of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how ___________ (adopt) this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.

To do so, I divided the book __________ two parts. In part one,【 I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces ____________ are making so many people’s digital lives ____________ (increasing) intolerable, before moving on to a __________ (detail) discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy】.

In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying __________ your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ________ (run) in 2018 in which over 1,600 people ___________ (agree) to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn ___________ strategies worked well for them, and what traps they _____________ (encounter) that you should avoid.

The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate a ____________ (sustain) digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the ___________ (necessary) of cultivating high-quality leisure ___________ (replace) the time most now spend on mindless device use. 【Each chapter concludes with a collection of __________ (practice), which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox __________ (mean) to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances】.

D篇 Factors that determine the accuracy of the group estimates

On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated __________ has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted __________ (show) that in some cases, ________ average of a large number of independent __________ (estimate) could be quite accurate.

This effect capitalizes on the fact __________ when people makeerrors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend __________ (overestimate), and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors __________ (average) together, they cancel each other out, __________ (result) in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be __________ (dependent). If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the __________ (accurate) of the estimate will go down.

But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas __________ (offer) an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. 【The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups __________ were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals】. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five __________ (be) significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent __________ (individual).

In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of __________ the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing __________ (change) their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant __________ (respond). Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and __________ (reason) together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies __________ (lead) by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making __________ (be) enormous.

七选五 Personal Forgiveness

Taking __________ (responsible) for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err is human. It’s just as important to show yourself some __________ (forgive). You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.

In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. Are you caring? __________ (create)? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just __________ (aspect) of your personality that you’re proud __________.

At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time __________ you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without __________ (ask), or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. __________ it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.

You could ask a friend or family member to help add ___________ your list. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special ___________ the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait __________ you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.

It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes __________ from their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are __________ positive way to develop and grow.

完形填空

On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should ___________ (finish) the course earlier than she did. Her delay __________ (come) because she was carrying a __________ (compete) across the finish line.

__________ reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race __________ a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She stopped __________ (help) her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see __________ she could walk forward with aid. She couldn’t. Bailey then bent down to let Lenoue climb __________ her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention.

Once there, Lenoue __________ (assess) and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would ___________ (struggle) with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.

As for Bailey, she is more confused about __________ her act is considered a big deal. “She was just crying. I couldn’t leave her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”

__________ the two young women were strangers before the meet, they __________ (become) friends since. Neither won the race, but the display of human kindness won the day.

语法填空

Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, _________ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, __________ (be) far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and ____________ (dangerous) hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether __________ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), __________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the __________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you __________ the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. There you will find them __________ (prepare) differently—more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed __________ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them __________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents. The meat should be fresh with __________ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.

No matter where I buy them, one steamer is __________ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left __________ (want) more next time.

查看答案

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A篇答案

1. economical, sustainable, to explore 2. stored 3. variety, children’s

4. v. 覆盖 5. departs, starting

B篇答案

observing , flowing, where, and, combination, which, what, harmful, connected, brought, by, formed, was amazed, as, that, that/which, an, what, inventor, what, to self-repair

地球上的生命就像是一箱用于发明的备用零件。

C篇答案

to make, exploration, to adopt, into, that / which, increasingly, detailed, out, ran, agreed, what, encountered, sustainable, necessity, to replace, practices, meant

我描述了数字极简主义的哲学基础，首先考察了使许多人的数字生活(变得)越来越难以忍受的有影响力的事物，然后再详细讨论数字极简主义哲学。

每一章都以一系列的实践结束，这些实践旨在帮助你按照本章的主要思想行事。你可以把这些做法看作是一个工具箱，旨在帮助你努力建立一种适合你特定情况的极简主义生活方式。

D篇答案

what, showed, the, estimates, that, to overestimate, are averaged, resulting, independent, accuracy, offered, that / which, was, individuals, what, to change, response, reasoned, led, are

这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的群体并允许进行讨论时，这些群体的平均值比同样数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。

7选5答案

responsibility, forgiveness, Creative, aspects, of, when, being asked, Whatever, to, and, until, but, a

完形填空答案

have finished, came, competitor, As, when, to help, if / whether, onto, was assessed, have struggled, why, Although / Though, have become

语法填空答案

tasty, are, dangerously, to bite, or, recognized, to, prepared, by, to be lifted, a, rarely, wanting